![]() ![]() Ensure the bundled pricing is still significantly lower than the competition and aligns with your cost structure. This can create added customer value and make your offering more attractive than individual purchases. Consider product bundling: Combining your products or services is another method of price penetration. ![]() Some businesses use this strategy as a short-term tactic to gain market share, while others employ it over a longer period of time. This can vary depending on your objectives and market dynamics. Determine the duration: Decide how long you plan to implement penetration pricing.This information will help you determine how much lower your prices need to be to attract customers and gain a competitive advantage. Identify their price points, value propositions, promotions and market positioning. Evaluate competitor pricing: Conduct a thorough analysis of your competitors’ pricing techniques.Consider manufacturing costs, overhead expenses, and any discounts or incentives you plan to offer. While setting low prices, profitability is crucial. Analyze your costs: Calculate your production and operational costs to ensure your penetration pricing technique is financially viable.Are you aiming to quickly capture significant market share, establish brand loyalty, or drive out competition? Setting specific and realistic goals will guide your pricing decisions and help evaluate your strategy’s success. Set realistic goals: Clearly define your objectives for implementing penetration pricing.This information will help you determine the optimal price point to attract them. Identify your potential customers’ needs, preferences, and price sensitivity. ![]()
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![]() ![]() 7(f) provides, in part, that "he court may direct the filing of a bill of particulars." The decision whether to grant or deny a bill of particulars is committed to the sound discretion of the trial court. Purposes and Requirements of a Bill of Particularsįed. Accordingly, there is no need for a formal bill of particulars in this case and therefore the defendant's Motion should be denied. In addition, this Response voluntarily provides defendant with further details regarding the Indictment. The Indictment in the case and the extensive discovery to be afforded the defendant prior to trial will be sufficient to fully apprise him of the charges pending against him and to enable him to prepare for trial. ![]() The United States of America, through its undersigned attorney, hereby responds to Defendant's Motion for Bill of Particulars. UNITED STATES' RESPONSE TO DEFENDANT'S MOTION FOR BILL OF PARTICULARS HOUSTON DIVISION UNITED STATES OF AMERICAġ5 U.S.C. For an official signed copy, please contact the Antitrust Documents Group. To view the PDF you will need Acrobat Reader, which may be downloaded from the Adobe site. ![]() This document is available in two formats: this web page (for browsing content) and PDF (comparable to original document formatting). ![]() ![]() Given the spatial resolution and latency of the data, the data should NOT be used to activite your lightning safety plans. ![]() The OPC lightning strike density product is still experimental and may not always be available. The latest data depicted on the maps are approximately 12 minutes old (or older). The maps are updated on nowCOAST approximately every 15 minutes. The strike density is color coded using a color scheme which allows the data to be easily seen when overlaid on GOES imagery and to distinguish values at low density values. The map units are number of strikes per square km per minute multiplied by a scaling factor of 10^3. The lightning strike density maps cover the geographic area from 25 degrees South to 80 degrees North latitude and from 110 degrees East to 0 degrees West longitude. ![]() The maps depict the density of lightning strikes during a 15 minute time period at an 8 km x 8 km spatial resolution. ![]() The purpose of this experimental product is to provide mariners and others with enhanced “awareness of developing and transitory thunderstorm activity, to give users the ability to determine whether a cloud system is producing lightning and if that activity is increasing or decreasing…” Lightning Strike Density, as opposed to display of individual strikes, highlights the location of lightning cores and trends of increasing and decreasing activity. NOAA NWS Emulated GOES-R Lightning Strike Density - This nowCOAST time-enabled map service provides maps of experimental lightning strike density data from the NOAA/National Weather Service/NCEP’s Ocean Prediction Center (OPC) which emulate (simulate) data from the future NOAA GOES-R Global Lightning Mapper (GLM). ![]() ![]() Unfortunately, field data acquisition has not yet captured the turbulent flow quantities necessary to make precise estimates of aerodynamic loading. ![]() These general trends are consistent with velocity measurements in the ISU simulator ( Fleming et al., 2013) and lend credibility to simulator testing. Data from a vehicle-mounted anemometer ( Wurman et al., 2013) also showed velocities at 3.5 m above the ground to be greater than those aloft. Velocities at 4 m above ground level were 10–30% greater than those at 10 m. Kosiba and Wurman (2013) reported tornado boundary layer profiles that showed the highest velocity near the ground. Recent field research has also aided the study of tornado-induced loading. The VorTECH facility at Texas Tech and the WindEEE Dome at the University of Western Ontario ( Refan and Hangan, 2016) can simulate higher speed flows with larger diameters than the ISU simulator. While the ISU simulator was the largest of its kind when built, the future of research on tornado-induced loading includes even larger facilities and the promise of investigations at larger Reynolds numbers. Although internal pressure plays an important role in tornado-induced loading, this study’s focus was on identifying the behavior of external pressures induced by tornado vortices. Ground roughness was found to increase both internal and external pressures. (2013a, b) has used a tornado simulator to examine pressures on low-rise buildings with respect to ground roughness. They reported that the total uplift loading on a building can be reduced significantly depending on the size and orientation of holes in the building envelope. (2011) examined the role of internal pressure along with external pressure. The large difference between those vertical loads and ASCE 7 are part of the motivation for the present work. Integrated uplift loads were also reported and had values that were two to three times that predicted with ASCE 7 provisions. (2010) reported tornado-induced roof pressure coefficients that were 50–60% larger than ASCE 7 provisions. (2008) found significant differences in the character of the loading between straight-line boundary layer tests and tornado simulator tests. Chang (1971) and Jischke and Light (1983) were among the first to employ laboratory tornado simulators with building models to assess loading on buildings. Tornado-induced pressures on low-rise buildings have been studied by several researchers over the years. The specific goal of this work was to examine how peak pressures induced by a tornado vortex depend on the static pressure induced by the vortex and on the amount of time it takes for a vortex to pass over a building (duration effect). (2010) where the Iowa State University (ISU) tornado simulator was used to measure tornado-induced pressures on a low-rise building model. This study constitutes a continuation of the work reported in Haan et al. The largest pressure peaks were observed to occur in or near the vortex core, and profiles of vertical velocity and static pressure suggest that strong unsteady vertical gusting and strong static pressure fluctuations could play a role in creating these large peaks. Work like this could lead to factors to adjust tornado pressure coefficients for the effect of event duration. Results showed that peak pressure magnitudes could increase by factors of 1.1–1.4 depending on duration. To consider duration effects, translating and stationary vortex data were used with varying exposure times. While subtracting the static pressure from pressure time series and normalizing by a local horizontal velocity brought peak pressures closer to what one would expect from straight-line flows, and these data showed that some peaks could still be significantly larger than ASCE 7–10 provisions. ![]() ![]() This study showed that much but not all of this increase can be explained by the static pressure of the vortex. Past studies have suggested that peak pressures on buildings in tornadoes were up to 50% higher than straight-line atmospheric boundary layer values as provided by ASCE 7–10. Time-resolved velocity measurements were also made on the vortex to aid in the analysis. A tornado simulator was used to generate both translating and stationary vortices to measure pressure time series on a building model. This study investigated the role of duration and tornado-induced static pressure on peak pressures on a low-rise building. ![]() Engineering Department, Calvin College, Grand Rapids, MI, USA. ![]() ![]() ![]() Relaxation and Mindfulness: Engaging in a word search puzzle can be a relaxing and calming activity.This exposure to a variety of words can help you learn new words and improve your vocabulary. By searching for and identifying words, you may encounter new and unfamiliar terms. Vocabulary Building: Word search puzzles can help expand your vocabulary.The process of visually scanning the grid and spotting the words provides a sense of accomplishment. Word Recognition and Pattern Finding: It can be exciting to locate words amidst a sea of letters and to see patterns and connections emerge.Here are some reasons why word search puzzles can be so much fun: Word search puzzles are a popular word game that offers a fun and engaging experience. My favorite free word search generator is from HelpTeaching. See Also: Recover Your Gmail: You didn’t provide enough info for Google to be sure this account is really yours If you want to learn how to make amazing puzzles that sell, you need to have a physical copy in front of you that has made thousands of sales already. You can check out some of the best word lists here. Good word search books require a good word list, well-sized puzzles and a good gutter. They’re great for learning new words when you’re young and for keeping your brain sharp when you’re older. It offers a mentally stimulating and enjoyable experience that keeps people coming back for more. These factors, along with the ability to pick up a Sudoku puzzle and play it anytime and anywhere, contribute to the enduring appeal and fun of Sudoku. The feeling of cracking a difficult puzzle or filling in the final number can be incredibly rewarding, boosting your confidence and providing a sense of achievement. Achievement and Satisfaction: Successfully completing a Sudoku puzzle – especially a challenging one – can provide a sense of accomplishment.Time-based challenges, such as trying to beat personal bests or competing with others, can increase the excitement and provide an extra layer of motivation. Time Pressure: Some Sudoku players enjoy the added thrill of solving puzzles against the clock.This variety allows Sudoku enthusiasts to explore different styles and variations, keeping the game fresh and interesting. Additionally, variations of Sudoku, such as Killer Sudoku, Diagonal Sudoku, or Irregular Sudoku, introduce additional rules or constraints, adding a new dimension to the puzzle-solving experience. There are different grid sizes, such as 4×4, 6×6, and 9×9, each offering a different level of challenge. Variety and Variation: Sudoku comes in various forms and levels of complexity.As you fill in more numbers and apply logical strategies, the puzzle gradually becomes more challenging, keeping you engaged and motivated to solve it. They usually start with a few initial clues, allowing you to make progress and gain confidence in your solving abilities. Gradual Progression: Sudoku puzzles often have a gradual level of difficulty.Many people find solving Sudoku to be a calming and therapeutic activity. Concentrating on the puzzle and analyzing the relationships between numbers can help you enter a meditative state, providing a break from daily stresses. Focus and Relaxation: Playing Sudoku can be a great way to focus your mind and achieve a state of relaxation.Sudoku doesn’t rely on language or cultural references, making it a universal puzzle that can be enjoyed by anyone regardless of their language or cultural background. ![]() ![]() The rules are easy to understand, and no specific mathematical knowledge is required. Accessibility: Sudoku puzzles are accessible to people of all ages and backgrounds.The challenge of finding the right placements and unraveling the puzzle can be intellectually stimulating and satisfying. ![]()
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![]() ![]() Try spraying a powdery umbrella cockatoo with water and you can watch tiny droplets of water bead up and roll off the birds back. ![]() This really contributes to “waterproofing” the bird. These feathers are continually breaking off into small bits that coat the bird with powder. This dust is the consequence of specific feathers called powder down. Several types of Cockatoo parrots are recognized for generating large amounts of dust. A cockatoo new to the home should not be showered with non-stop focus, but rather provided toys and other enrichment possibilities as well as sporadic attention so that the bird discovers to keep itself interested when the individuals in its life is unable to offer one-on-one time. Cockatoo parrots are usually needier than any other pet parrot species and an owner should set boundaries early on, or else the bird might scream for interest. A pet cockatoo will require a steady flow of suitable items to chew and destroy. 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The crest’s place is often an indicator to the bird’s feelings. They have a bald area over their heads protected with a crest that they can raise and reduce. Cockatoo Parrots for Sale – Cockatoo parrots are big parrots that are indigenous to Australia and the islands of the South Pacific. ![]() ![]() ![]() However, as the pipe dimensions increase, the O.D. was chosen to specify the pipe dimensions, but since pipes always have a wall thickness and internal diameter (I.D.), the difference between the O.D. ![]() Secondly, for NPS 1/8 (DN 6) to NPS 12 (DN 300), these sizes are based on a standard outside diameter (O.D.). Why pipes with sizes smaller than NPS 12 (DN 300) have different ODįirst, we need to acknowledge that all pipe sizes should be identified as nominal pipe size (NPS). In this standard, when the pipe’s Outer Diameter is smaller than 12.75 in (NPS 12, DN 300), the pipe’s actual diameter is larger than NPS (Nominal Pipe Size) or DN (Nominal Diameter).Īs for steel tube dimensions, the actual outside diameter is the same as the pipe number for all sizes. In this case, the pipe is specifically used for pipeline systems and the transmission of fluids such as oil and gas, water, and slurry. The pipe is distinguished from a tube (Pipe vs Tube). The standard covers the standardization of steel pipe dimensions and sizes, including seamless or welded types, which are used in high or low temperatures and pressures. Relevant standard specification ASME B 36.10M and B 36.19Mīoth ASME B36.10 and B36.19 are the standard specifications for the dimensions of the steel pipe and accessories. There are different standards to describe the steel pipe size, OD and wall thickness, which mainly are ASME B 36.10, ASME B 36.19. Pipe Schedule Chart unit in mm as below, view here for Pipe Schedule Chart in inch. So that’s why we always need to know the correct pipe size. Through these elements we could calculate the pipe weight, how much pressure the pipe could bear, and the cost per foot or per meter. Steel Pipe Dimension 3 elementsĪ complete description for steel pipe dimension includes outer diameter (OD), wall thickness (WT), pipe length (Normally 20 ft 6 meter, or 40 ft 12 meters). Means of Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) and Nominal Diameter (DN)Īnd finally, we will tells you how to describe steel pipe dimensions & sizes correctly. Pipe Size Schedule (Schedule 40 & 80 steel pipe means) ![]() So, what are the right ways to express the dimensions of a steel pipe?įor your better understanding, we will explain from the following aspects:ĭimension Standards of carbon and stainless steel pipe (ASME B36.10M & B36.19M) Any misunderstandings or the purchase of an incorrect size could lead to significant trouble. People are often confused when it comes to accurately describing the dimensions or sizes of steel pipes, as well as effectively communicating their desired size to the seller. ![]() ![]() Additionally, inquire about marriages, divorces, adoptions, and other significant relationship details. Collecting Relevant Dataĭuring the interviews, collect relevant data such as names, ages, and genders of family members, including extended family. Active listening and building rapport are key in obtaining accurate and meaningful information. Engage in open and empathetic conversations, asking about family relationships, significant events, and relevant dynamics. To create a comprehensive genogram, start by interviewing clients and their family members. Gathering Information: Building the Family Picture Interviewing Clients and Family Members Respect client confidentiality and ensure you have their consent when collecting and using family information. Note: When creating a genogram, it’s important to approach it with sensitivity, accuracy, and creativity. ![]() Let’s delve into the process of creating a genogram, from gathering information to organizing and presenting it. This understanding fosters compassion and supports healing within the family unit.Įdit this Template Close How to Create a Genogram in Social Work PracticeĬreating a genogram is a crucial part of using it effectively in social work practice. This open dialogue helps resolve conflicts, build stronger relationships, and improve communication within the family.Ĭultivating Understanding and Empathy: As social workers, we can guide clients in interpreting the genogram and help them see how their family history and relationships have shaped their lives. They create a safe space where everyone can openly discuss their shared experiences, feelings, and perspectives. Promoting Effective Communication: Genograms serve as a starting point for conversations among family members. This visual representation makes therapy more engaging and collaborative, empowering clients to be active participants in their healing process. When clients see their family connections and dynamics displayed in a simple way, it helps them understand their own experiences better. ![]() This personalized approach makes interventions more effective because they directly address the family’s specific needs.Įngaging Clients Through Visual Representation: Genograms provide an easy way to show complex information visually. ![]() By considering their structure, relationships, and dynamics, you can personalize your approach to better fit their unique situation. Strengthening Intervention Strategies: Genograms help us create interventions that are specifically designed for each family. By recognizing these patterns, you can better address and understand the issues that affect the whole family. These patterns can include things like abuse, addiction, or mental health challenges. Identifying Patterns and Dynamics: By visually showing the connections and events in a family, Genograms help you to spot patterns that repeat across generations. By understanding their history, you can identify any issues or challenges that individuals in the family might be facing today. Understanding Family History: Genograms help to learn about a family’s past by exploring their relationships, personal experiences, and cultural influences. To understand more about what genograms are, its symbols and how they can be used, check out our guide on how to make a genogram The Power of Genograms in Social Work Practice By using symbols and shapes, genograms help social workers understand the complex relationships and dynamics within a family. At its core, genograms not only show the biological connections between family members, but also the emotional and behavioral patterns that exist within the family. Genograms go beyond simple family trees or lineage charts to capture the complex web of relationships, interactions, and patterns that shape a family’s story. Creating the Genogram: Making Family Connections Visual. ![]() Interviewing Clients and Family Members.Gathering Information: Building the Family Picture.How to Create a Genogram in Social Work Practice.The Power of Genograms in Social Work Practice.In this blog post, we’ll briefly touch on and explore the power of genograms in social work. Unlike traditional family trees that only list names and dates, genograms provide a comprehensive view of relationships and patterns that can help inform effective interventions. If you’re a social worker looking to better understand your clients and their families, genograms are a valuable tool. ![]() |
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